...
Please wait
X
SAY SOMETHING - Visitor comments are now enabled - no signup necessary
Making A Recycled Plastic Boat
Approach

Here's the plan. I'll grind up HDPE bottles and caps, remould this (using a flat sandwich press) into fairly uniform circular pancakes, which I'll arrange in a hexagonal grid pattern and weld together (using a clothes iron) into larger flat sheets of plastic.

I'll construct a simple wooden frame onto which I'll affix panels of the recycled plastic, welding them together along the seams using a hot air gun.

The frame will be constructed of laths, glue laminated together to form curved chine logs, with a few supporting struts.

The form of the boat will be a small, flat-bottomed canoe - something like a Pirogue, but with decks at each end, making it also a bit like a kayak.

Lessons Learned

One really important thing I've learned from the build of my previous boat build (the Snow Pea) is: don't wildly deviate from convention, unless you have a good reason to, and unless you properly test your changes - so in terms of overall design, this boat will do what already works - flattish bottom, pointy at the ends, broad in the middle.

Sourcing Materials

Some of the materials and tools for this and many of my other projects were sourced from the Malthouse in Botley.

Officially named 'Botley Bathroom Centre', and ostensibly a bathroom and plumbing store, the ground floor of the Malthouse is a cornucopia of interesting, useful and esoteric hardware - racks, boxes, buckets and heaps of assorted bolts, nails, brackets, hooks, fittings and fasteners, rods, rivets, hinges, and many other items I don't even know the name of.

This place never fails to turn up something to help me with my projects - and while I'm digging around, looking for it, I'll very often encounter something to inspire me for future plans (for example, this morning whilst looking for my heat transfer bar, I noticed a box of beautiful copper rivets that I'm sure I can do something with...


Donate, Fight Hunger, Save Lives




Many of my past projects have thumbed their noses at convention or have been absurd, foolhardy or otherwise non-conformist, but this one extends the boundaries further than ever.

I'm going to try to make a boat by recycling plastic bottles.

Collecting And Processing The Materials

making a recycled plastic boat

Thanks to the assistance of friends and colleagues, I'm collecting up to a dozen HDPE plastic milk bottles a day. I give these a thorough wash and dry.

I'm also collecting upwards of 100 HDPE plastic bottle tops a week, which come in a wide assortment of bright colours.

I cut the bottle tops into quarters using garden secateurs and the bottles into long strips, which I then cut up into postage stamp-sized flakes, ready for the next stage. This is all hard work.


making a recycled plastic boat

This is my drill-powered-drill-powered mincer. It's a traditional meat mincer, driven by an electric pillar drill, via the gearing mechanism of an old Stanley hand-powered drill.

I feed the quartered bottle tops and bottle flakes into this machine at a moderate pace and it grinds them up into small, manageable pieces.


making a recycled plastic boat

I convert a carefully-weighed portion of ground plastic into a circular recycled 'pancake' by pressing it between two sheets of re-usable baking sheet (more details of this whole process on previous pages).

These pancakes are convenient to store - so I can just stack them up in a box until I'm ready to start construction ot the boat.


making a recycled plastic boat

If permitted to cool too rapidly, or without being constrained flat, the pancakes tend to buckle.

I've discovered that by stacking a whole load of the plastic pancakes together from hot (but cooled enough not to be sticky), they can be clamped flat and the bulk stacking makes them cool slowly - thus they end up nice and flat.


making a recycled plastic boat

Most of the plastic is just ground up together and mixed, which means the pancakes come out randomly mottled.

I decided it would be nice to introduce a bit more variety, so I also ground up some bottle tops grouped (more or less) by colour. I can add a pinch of these individually or in combination as part of the makeup of a piece and introduce a colour bias that I hope will make the end product look interesting.


making a recycled plastic boat

The circular pancakes are welded together by clamping them in position, sprinkling a measured portion of ground plastic into the gap between them, covering with a sheet of reusalbe baking paper and ironing it all until fuse.

There will be a need to clamp flat again when I scale this up to the full build.


making a recycled plastic boat

I did toy with the idea of trying to use recycled timber for the frame of the boat - I saw some that looked promising in a skip at the back of Debenhams in Portsmouth, but I had no way to get it home - and going back there with the car would have cost as much as just buying timber.

I don't need anything elaborate though, so I just got a few pieces of very cheap framing timber. If you take a little time to sort through the stack, you can often find lengths that are almost knot-free.


making a recycled plastic boat

I ripped the framing timber into laths about 9mm thick on my cheapo table saw.

These will be thin enough to take the amount of bend I have in mind, but thick enough that I'll only need to laminate two of them together to make each of the bottom chines.


making a recycled plastic boat

The laths aren't long enough though - so I cut some in half and joined the halves onto the full lengths with a scarf joint glued with polyurethane glue.

When I laminate the strips together, I'll make sure these joints aren't in the same place on both strips.


So now I have four laths, each about 3.6m in length - a little under 12 feet. That's perfect - a little length will be lost in trimming and they'll make a frame about 11 feet in length (bending them around the leaf shape of the bottom will shorten the overall length).

Constructing The Bottom Frame

I've started construction of the bottom frame - the laths are laminated onto a pair of small wooden blocks at either end, spaced apart by a single bar in the middle. The ends of the bar are cut with a 10 degree outward lean, to give the sides of the boat a little flare in the middle.

making a recycled plastic boat

I don't have enough clamps to do all of the lamination in one go (you can never have too many clamps), so I'm doing half of both sides - because laminating the whole of one side, then the other would be quite likely to introduce serious distortion of the symmetry.

Because polyurethane glue foams and expands as it cures, I took care to clamp past the point where I had applied glue - or else there would have been problems closing the remainder of the gap next time.

This boat is going to be a bit larger than I first visualised - not bigger than the numbers I had in my head, I just hadn't properly thought them out - it's approximately 11 feet long by 2 foot 6 wide at the bottom frame (about 3.5 by 0.75 metres) - that's a trifle longer than the Snow Pea (and obviously wider, because width was the Snow Pea's key deficiency).

making a recycled plastic boat

To join the plastic pancakes together, I arranged them on a flat board, heaped a little ground-up plastic in the middle, then ironed it all together with a clothes iron on high heat (through a reusable cooking sheet)


making a recycled plastic boat

The weld is held down flat with another board and a stack of heavy bricks. This isn't a speedy process, as it needs to be repeated on both sides. but I'll get there in the end.


making a recycled plastic boat

In what seems to be a continuous cycle of progress and setback, it turns out that the pancake-welding technique isn't scaling up well.

It's hard to get the right amount of additional plastic into the void between three pancakes - and getting this right means heating and reheating the same areas, from both sides - this causes the sheet to warp and buckle. Not good.


making a recycled plastic boat

So I'm going to try a different approach that I considered earlier and has been suggested by others more than once. Cutting the pancakes into closely-fitting hexagons.

This is fairly easy - I made a sheet metal template, clamped it in place and scored around it with a heavy duty knife - then the edges just snapped off.

There's very little waste this way and the hexagons tile together very neatly. I'll weld them by applying a narrow heated bar to the joint - so I only need melt just enough to make the two pieces unite.


making a recycled plastic boat

I needed a piece of metal that was fairly narrow, but thick enough to isolate the iron from the plastic, heat-conductive and fairly easy to work.

I rummaged through my boxes of junk, but found nothing suitable, but I knew I'd find something I could use at the Malthouse (see side column).

I ended up with a piece of aluminium bar cut from a cistern flush extension - absolutely ideal for the job. I cut it just a little longer than the sides of my hexagons.


making a recycled plastic boat

By carefully aligning the bar on top of the butt joint between two of the hexagons, on top of a PTFE sheet, then applying the clothes iron, the metal bar conducts heat only to the joint - as well as loowing me to press down the melted area to force the edges to bond.

I did this from one side, then left it to cool (pressed flat with a weight) and repeated on the other side.

The result is a strong, neat joint that doesnt introduce any distortion to the piece as a whole.


This is an exciting result, as it's fast, neat and strong. This will definitely work - which means the build can now progress at full steam.

making a recycled plastic boat

It might be a little while until the next update on this project, but not because it's gone cold.

I'm busy manufacturing a stockpile of plastic hexagons - I'll do this until my supply of processed plastic is exhausted (or until I think I have enough to build the whole boat).

This is primarily for operational efficiency. I have limited space, so it makes sense to do a large amount of one task before clearing those tools away to do a different one.


Appearance Of The Materials

You might be wondering why the plastic panels I'm making here all have a sort of splashed, radial pattern to them.

This is because it starts out as a heap of ground up plastic and spreads out under pressure when I clamp down the heated press. The main reason to do this is to compress the material down and expel any voids, but it also has the effect of smearing the plastic outwards from the centre.

making a recycled plastic boat

So far, nothing is going to waste - using garden secateurs, I'm snipping the trimmings from making the hexagons into small squares, then mixing them back in with subsequent batches.

Continually remelting the same plastic can end up degrading it - so in order not to compromise the integrity, I'm only using about 25% re-recycled material - the rest is made up of the usual ground-up bottles and caps. This gives the panels a different look, but variety is good.


making a recycled plastic boat

Update - November 13, 2011. The laminated framework is coming along nicely.

A couple more sessions and it will be complete - it can't all be done at once due to limitations of space (and clamps) - also, some of the structures don't reach final strength until the glue cures - it would probably collapse under its own stresses if I tried to build too much at any one time.


making a recycled plastic boat

Update - November 18. The frame is complete.

It'll need sanding smooth and coating with a lick of paint, then I can start cladding it with recycled plastic panels.


That's it for now - this page will be updated again as progress continues.

This page last updated on 18th November 2011

Comments: 5 (Add)

All submissions are subject to moderation and editorial change where appropriate.
Name:
Comment:
Enter Anti-spam code [?]
 

Also, I considered cutting the pieces hexagonal - it would be neater - and the trimmings can be added back in, a few at a time, to subsequent melts - however, that would mean welding plain butt joints - which is harder to get right than joining these lacy-edged pancakes.
There won't be any tight bends in the final design (as will become clearer as the build progresses) - I'm going for a pirogue-style flat-bottomed, dory-sided hull. The big seams between panels will be reinforced by timber.

Posted by Mike (for Atomic Shrimp) on Aug 23 2011 at 23:37
Thanks Andy

I'm not worried about the UV degradation. The boat will be out in the sun for a total of a week or two per year, probably - and I've seen HDPE items (buckets, etc) of comparable thickness last for a couple of years of full time exposure. Thickness of material makes a big difference to overall durability - which is why HDPE bottles degrade quicker than their caps - they're thinner.

Posted by Mike (for Atomic Shrimp) on Aug 23 2011 at 23:34
Fascinating!
And something I'd really like to try myself.
As Alf mentioned UV degradation is something to be considered.
I've got sun burnt whilst boating enough times to know how reflection off the water can really ramp up the UV.
May main concern however would be the seams between pancakes, especially when the completed sheets are bent into the final shape.
Would cutting them into hexagons give a more reliable joint, albeit at the expense of added work?
Plenty to do already, I'm sure.

Posted by Andrew on Aug 23 2011 at 13:42
Thanks Alf - yes, I've noticed the UV degradation when I've been collecting discarded bottle tops. Hopefully this won't be a major issue as this boat will be stored indoors when not in use.

Posted by Mike (for Atomic Shrimp ) on Aug 19 2011 at 09:29
Neat idea but you should be aware that the UV resistance of HDPE is very poor so you will need to protect it very well from the sun.

The colored caps have better resistance than the white bottles. Leave a white bottle in the sun and it soon becomes brittle.

For some years I have had this idea of recycling HDPE by first making it into cylindrical bars and then using something similar to a hot glue gun to inject it into a mould. I think it would make a neat toy.

Posted by alf on Aug 18 2011 at 19:17